It's not likely you have caused permanent damage in two weeks of running. However, you may have something that could turn into permanent damage if you continue to abuse it. My non-medical opinion is it's more likely muscles surrounding tendons rather than a stress fracture. It could be something as simple as your shoelaces are too tight. The actual injury doesn't much matter.
If you go to a doctor, the doctor will tell you to take Ibuprophen and rest. Or the doctor might give a more expensive prescription. In seven days of ibuprophen and rest, the injury will be better. It would be better without the ibuprophen, but then the doctor couldn't take credit. I usually don't take any drugs of because of side effects. I never take drugs to reduce pain so I can exercise.If I do take Ibuprophen to reduce some inflammation, I only do it with complete rest.
Pain is the body's signal to quit doing whatever caused the pain. If it's heeded early, the body will repair any damage and come back stronger than before. Rest and repair are as important as running to improve. In the long term, progress is not linear. It's a steady series of improvements and setbacks at increasing levels with each cycle. If you allow repair to occur soon after a pain starts, then the repair will be quick. The same pain is likely to keep recurring until something else takes its place.
During your rest and repair cycles you can substitute a different aerobic activity to keep your aerobic conditioning. In this case, swimming sounds like a good choice. If swimming isn't an option, some weight lifting circuits might work.
